Addiction is a medical disease that affects the brain, leading to compulsive substance or alcohol use despite harmful consequences. Clinically, the condition is referred to as substance use disorder (SUD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Recognizing the signs early is crucial, as treatment is most effective when initiated promptly. 

5 Key Signs of Addiction

While each person has different experiences with SUD or AUD, addiction scientists have identified critical patterns and behaviors that often indicate a problem. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), here are some shared symptoms.  

1. Loss of Control

This might include using more of a substance than originally intended, or using it for longer periods than planned. Over time, individuals might also try to cut down or stop using, but are unable to do so, despite repeated efforts. These patterns often reflect a growing dependence on the substance that is difficult to manage alone.

2. Time and Energy Spent on Substance Use

Addiction often consumes a person’s mental focus. A significant amount of time may be spent obtaining the substance, using it, or recovering from its effects. In addition, some people may experience strong cravings or urges to use the substance, even when they’re trying to focus on other parts of life. These cravings can be intrusive and difficult to ignore, pulling attention away from family, work, or personal goals.

3. Neglecting Responsibilities

Alcohol or substance use disorder often leads to a breakdown in everyday responsibilities. Someone might start missing work, school, or family obligations due to their illness or its aftereffects. Despite understanding the consequences, they might continue misusing drugs or alcohol, even when it causes conflict in relationships or other social and interpersonal problems. This ongoing disruption to daily life is a strong indicator of SUD or AUD.

4. Risky Use

Another key sign of addiction is continued use in situations that are physically or legally hazardous. This could include driving under the influence, using substances in unsafe environments, or mixing substances dangerously. Even when some people experience negative physical or psychological effects—such as injuries, health issues, or anxiety—they may continue using, showing an inability to stop despite the consequences.

5. Tolerance and Withdrawal

Tachyphylaxis is the medical term for when someone builds up a tolerance to substances and requires a greater amount to achieve the same effect. Increased consumption triggers compulsory use and creates the foundation of dependency. Withdrawal symptoms—such as shakiness, irritability, nausea, depression, or insomnia—may also appear when the substance is reduced or stopped. To relieve or avoid these symptoms, a person continues using drugs or alcohol, further deepening the cycle of dependence.

Severity of AUD or SUD

The DSM-5 classifies the magnitude of addiction based on the key factors above and the number of criteria met according to this chart: 

• Mild: 2–3 criteria
• Moderate: 4–5 criteria
• Severe: 6 or more criteria

Even if only a few signs are present, it’s important to seek professional evaluation. Early intervention helps prevent the progression of SUD or AUD.

Why Choose Individualized Treatment at Recovery Mountain?

Addiction isn’t a moral failing or lack of willpower—it’s a chronic, relapsing brain disease that alters the structure and function of the brain. SUD and AUD affect areas of the brain involved in decision-making, impulse control, reward, and motivation. Over time, these changes can make it extremely difficult for someone to stop using a substance, even when they recognize its harmful effects.

Effective management of this persistent illness must address both biological and behavioral components. Evidence-based treatments—those that are supported by scientific research and clinical trials—are critical in helping individuals manage their condition. Just like diabetes or hypertension, addiction can be managed successfully with the right approach. Here’s what we offer at Recovery Mountain.

Behavioral Therapy

Our board-certified professionals provide many different methods for addiction therapy, including:

• Cognitive behavioral 
• Dialectical behavioral 
• Individual and group 
• PTSD

These therapies help individuals recognize and change harmful patterns of thinking and behavior related to substance use. Including loved ones in the recovery process can improve outcomes, strengthen support networks, and address any relational issues that may have contributed to the addiction.

Holistic and Integrated Care

Substance use disorders often occur alongside other mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression, or trauma-related disorders. Our medical team relies on an integrated addiction wellness approach that addresses both addiction and co-occurring mental health issues simultaneously. This comprehensive approach helps individuals understand how these conditions interact and supports long-term recovery.

Programs may also include life skills training, educational support, job readiness programs, and physical health services. These components help individuals build a balanced, fulfilling life outside of substance use. We also offer culturally competent treatment for specialized populations, including athletes, first responders, and Veterans. 

Support and Aftercare

Recovery doesn’t end with treatment—it’s a lifelong process. Ongoing support is essential for maintaining progress and preventing relapse. Many people benefit from continuing therapy, peer support groups, and regular check-ins with healthcare providers.

Are you ready to start your life of purpose? Talk to a member of the admissions team at our Tilton residential treatment center today. We’re a leading addiction wellness center dedicated to helping individuals achieve lasting recovery. As part of the network of Sobriety Centers of New Hampshire, we have all the resources you need to design a healthier life.